In 2023-2024, the State pays an extensive list of child benefits. The order of support for low-income families is changing. Let’s look at who will receive child benefit before the age of 18 and what is necessary for this.
Types of child benefits
Depending on the duration of the benefit up to 18 years (note that it is legitimate to focus on the lower age threshold of the child in most cases) there are:
- one-time;
- regular.
One-time support is provided by the State for each child once. At the same time, payments for children under 18 years of age are made on the basis of the provisions of federal legislation:
- at the birth of a child;
- on maternity leave;
- to the pregnant wife of a conscript serviceman.
Regular payments:
- child care up to 1.5years old and up to 3 years old;
- per child of a conscript soldier;
- low-income families for children up to 17 years old;
- in in connection with the birth or adoption of the first, second and subsequent children (from 2023 in accordance with a significantly updated procedure).
Child benefits: the main changes in force in 2023-2024
The government supports parents and pregnant women with a lack of income in various ways.
Registration support
Women who are registered from the 6th to the 12th week will receive not a one-time, but a monthly allowance. This innovation has been in effect since 07/01/2021.
The payment is assigned by the Social Fund of Russia to women whose average family income does not exceed the subsistence level. The benefit is paid until the day of delivery or termination of pregnancy.
The allowance is provided in the amount of 50 to 100% of the subsistence level of the able-bodied population in the subject of the Russian Federation.
In 2023-2024, the benefit in question is a special case of paying a Single benefit for a child under 17 years old. Read more here.
Support for children under the age of 17
The noted Single Benefit is a universal measure of support for families with children under 17 years old (up to and including 16). It is regulated by Law No. 81-FZ of 05/19/1995. Since 2023, this standard has been in force in the wording providing for a single procedure for providing appropriate payments to all parents of minor children. But if the allowance and its early analogues for various categories of citizens (for example, the allowance for single parents for children under the age of 8 to 17 years) were assigned earlier, then their payment will continue according to the old rules.
The amount of the single benefit is from 50 to 100% of the minimum wage for children established in the region.
Assigns child benefit up to 17 years of age. The Foundation evaluates the amount of family income and compliance with property criteria, conducts a comprehensive assessment of the need for support.
Read about the nuances of paying a Single benefit here.
Who will receive other child benefits
During the pandemic, adjustments were made to the system of payment of benefits for children under 18 years of age. In addition, the size of the support is regularly indexed.
Maternity
Maternity benefits are provided to women on maternity leave. The amount of the benefit depends on whether the birth was normal or complicated. As well as multiple pregnancies or not.
In normal childbirth, maternity leave is calculated based on 140 days, in complicated cases 156 days are taken into account, and in case of multiple pregnancies 194 days.
The amount of the benefit is calculated by multiplying the days by the average daily earnings. The State has set minimum and maximum limits. In 2023, the minimum amount of average daily earnings is equal (from January 1)— 533.98rubles. The maximum is 2 736.99rubles. In 2024, these values amounted to 632.61 rubles and 4039.73 rubles.
At the same time, the amount of maternity allowance cannot be less than the minimum wage.
Parents who are full-time students, officially employed or dismissed during the liquidation of the company, entrepreneurs who voluntarily pay contributions to the SFR will also receive maternity leave.
For details, see here.
One-time birth support
The state pays once when a child is born. From February 1, 2023, the payment is 22,909.03 rubles, from February 1, 2024 – 24,627.21 rubles. The payment is made for each child. If twins are born, parents will receive 45,818.06 rubles in 2023 and 49,254.42 rubles in 2024
Monthly support for child care up to 1.5 years
The allowance is assigned to one of the parents who actually looks after the child. If the mother is unable to take care of the child, for example due to illness, the right to receive benefits may be transferred to the father.
40% of average earnings are taken for calculation. From February 1, 2023, the minimum benefit amount is 8,591.47 rubles, from February 1, 2024 – 9 235.83 rubles. There is also a maximum size. It is equal to 33,282 rubles in 2023 and 49,123 rubles in 2024.
Monthly support for child care up to 3 years old
In 2020, the allowance was canceled for parents whose child was born in 2020 and later. Those who have children born before 01.01.2020 receive an allowance. The amount of the allowance is 50 rubles.
What payments up to three years old can expect large families, read the article “Payment for a child up to three years old to large families”.
Monthly support for the first and second child (up to 3 years old)
A separate type of support for families in need is provided, taking into account a number of legislative innovations, for families where the first or second child appeared after January 1, 2018. The payment is regulated by Law No.418-FZ dated December 28, 2017.
In the versions of this law preceding the current one (dated 05.12.2022, which entered into force on 01.01.2023), payments were provided for both the first and second children born after 01.01.2018. The wording of Law No.418-FZ provides that the allowance is paid only for the first child born between 01.01.2018 and 01.01.2023.
Upon the birth of a second child during the specified period, the benefit continues to be paid after 01.01.2023, if it was previously assigned at the expense of the maternity capital. From 01.01.2023, benefits for each child up to the age of three can be paid at the expense of the maternity capital (art.11.2 of the Law of 29.12.2006 No.256-FZ).
The benefits in question are thus paid until the child is three years old. Families who need support, thus, get the opportunity to receive an increased allowance, and not 50 rubles. Parents of older children will have to rely on other social support measures (first of all, on a single allowance up to 17 years old).
The main requirement for receiving a monthly allowance for a child under the age of 3 years is the average family income less than the subsistence level in the region multiplied by two. From January 1, 2023, the federal minimum subsistence level is 14,375 rubles, from January 1, 2024 – 15,453 rubles.
Is the allowance paid to low-income families for children from 3 to 7 years old?
In 2020, an allowance for children aged 3 to 7 years was introduced as additional support.
Families received this type of benefit if their average income was less than the subsistence level set in the region.
In 2020, 50% of the minimum wage was paid. And since 2021, the calculation has been made based on family income and need for support. The size can be either 50% or 100%.
Since 2023, the allowance for up to 3 to 7 years has actually become a kind of the above-mentioned Single Benefit for a child under the age of 17. Parents who previously made a payment from 3 to 7 years old will continue to receive it according to the old rules. If there are reasons to continue receiving them, they will be able to issue new ones.
For details on the purpose of a single benefit, see here.
Results
Parents caring for a child receive an allowance for children under 18 years of age. The employment of parents affects the amount of the benefit if it is calculated based on the average daily earnings. When assigning benefits to the poor for a child under 17 years of age, the “zero income rule” is used when the lack of income is explained by objective reasons.